Fossil Fuels And Its Effects On The Environment - 2338 Words

Fossil fuels are finite resources that come from the earth, including sources such as petroleum, natural gas, and coal. All are used to generate electricity and power advanced industrial nations, but there is a lurking danger just under the skin of fossil fuel usage. In our homeland, the United States of America, it is obvious that all of us, in one form or another, use fossil fuels. Almost all of our kids, and their kids as well, will grow up in America and, like the current generation, use fossil fuels, unless we put an end to it now. Evidently, people care about the future of the planet. If this is so, then why should we rely on harmful fossil fuels that damage the environment? Not only is the usage of fossil fuels damaging to the environment, but they stand as an inconvenient fuel source as well. In specific, coal is commonly used for energy generation, but is the worst of all the fossil fuels. The alternatives to coal are plentiful, ranging from solar power, to wind power, and e ven to tidal power. These alternatives are known as renewable resources. Carbon trading and a coal tax would be highly effective in terms of reducing the impact that factories place on the globe. If motivated people of advanced nations converge and take action by focusing our resources on developing technology and materials that harness the energy readily available, a solution is already within our grasp for the encroaching danger imposed by coal usage. This is not only concerning forShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Fossil Fuels On The Environment1734 Words   |  7 PagesWhat we can be scientifically certain of is that our continued use of fossil fuels is pushing us to a point of no return, warns President Obama, â€Å"we are condemning future generations to global catastrophe.† The point of no return metaphorically represents the place in ones journey that must be continued with no alternative routes or ability to make change. In consort with President Obama, many scientists believe the point of no return could occur if significant efforts aren’t made soon. AnthropogenicRead MoreFossil Fuels And Its Effects On The Environment1175 Words   |  5 PagesFossil fuels, including coal, oil and natural gas, are currently the world s primary energy source. Fossil fuels have powered economic growth worldwide since the industrial revolution, but they are nonrenewable resources and can severely damage the environment. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the burning of fossil fuels was responsible for 79 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2010. Although efficiency can help reduce emissions produced by the burning of fossil fuels,Read MoreThe Effects Of Fossil Fuels On The Environment1252 Words   |  6 PagesAll over the world, people have been stuck on using fossil fuels. This addiction has been ongoing for the past century as the primary source of energy. Global usage of fossil fuels which include oil, coal, and natural gas, is no w producing mass amounts of greenhouse emissions within our atmosphere. Such a series of events have cascaded into changes that are currently effecting the earth on multiple levels. Several of these effects are, but are not limited to: earth’s sea levels rising every yearRead MoreThe Effects Of Fossil Fuels On The Environment933 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The United States uses fossil fuels for 67.5% of its energy consumption. Fossil fuels have more negative impacts than positive ones. The only positive that comes from fossil fuels is that it can create energy. Most of the negative effects have to deal with the environment, like the most popular, burning coal for electricity. â€Å"Coal is used for about 43% of electricity generation in the U.S† (Coal and the Environment - Energy Explained, Your Guide To Understanding Energy - Energy InformationRead MoreThe Effects Of Fossil Fuels On The Environment2213 Words   |  9 PagesFossil fuels are a major source of energy in America and throughout the world. The three major fossil fuels are oil, natural gas, and coal. While these three fossil fuels account for most of the energy used in most countries and they are able to provide energy for places around the world at a cheap price, they also account for things like pollution and the climate changes. Each of the fossil fuels has a lo ng process to be prepared for consumer use that causes many environmental problems. The majorRead MoreThe Effects Of Fossil Fuel Energy On The Environment And The Pocket987 Words   |  4 Pagesclimate changes and the effect of fossil fuel energy for not only being environmentally destructive, but also causing Global warming (the warming that occurs as a result of increase emissions of greenhouse gases) has become a very big issue worldwide. The fossil fuels (Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas) which is the main sources of the world’s energy sources, is also one of the main causes of the climate change. In addition with some human activities (e.g. through burning fossil fuels), they have contributedRead MoreFossil Fuels And Its Effects On The Environment And Climate856 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen the most successful species by far. We mold our environment to our benefit, and in doing so we discovered the potential that lay within our soil. Fossil fuels have provided us with easily ac cessible energy that can be mass produced. The overconsumption of these fuels has proved catastrophic to the environment and climate. We must use our ingenuity to create energy alternatives that are cleaner and renewable. Biofuels are plant based fuels that with a bit of more focus and refinement, can becomeRead MoreFossil Fuels And Their Impact On The Environment862 Words   |  4 PagesFossil Fuels and Their Impact on the Environment The amount of fossil fuels being deposited into the air should be controlled. Not only do fossil fuels pose a threat to the environment, but also to human health. The problem is not only noticeable in the depletion of human health, but also in the air, water, and land. Emissions are a concerning contribution to other problems such as global warming and greenhouse gases as well. One of the major factors of fossil fuels are vehicles. VehiclesRead MoreCompanies And Climate Change Case Study944 Words   |  4 Pageschange and its far-reaching business impacts.† Still using fossil fuels and releasing carbon dioxide in large amounts will have large effects on the Earth, if companies aren’t careful. The idea of global warming has been around in the United States for many years. In fact, climate change has had effects on people and the environment for a while, and it may continue. The companies use fossil fuels for energy to receive the positive business effects that they give. However, companies are already startingRead MoreSolar Energy : Solar Panels999 Words   |  4 Pageschanges and the effect of fossil fuel energy for not only being environmentally destructive but also causing Global warming (the warming that occurs as a result of increase emissions of greenhouse gases) has become a very big issue worldwide. The fossil fuels (Oil, Coal, and N atural Gas) which is the main sources of the world’s energy sources have negative natural emissions coupled with the human activities that change the atmosphere’s composition (e.g. through burning fossil fuels) have contributed

An Impact Assessment of Science and Technology Policy on...

AN IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY ON NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA BY ABUBAKAR ABDULLAHI October, 2 0 0 4 ii AN IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY ON NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA BY ABUBAKAR ABDULLAHI (MATRICULATION NO. 3081) A Dissertation Submitted to St. Clements University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of Doctor of Philosophy in Management St. Clements University October, 2004 iii DECLARATION I declare that this Dissertation is an output of my own research endeavours. In pursuant of this research work, concerted efforts were made to duly acknowledge through bibliography, all sources of data and information used. However, in case of inadvertent†¦show more content†¦It is pertinent to acknowledge with deep sense of appreciation the cooperation received from Directors in the Federal Ministry of Science and Technology and Director Generals, Directors and Chief Executive Officers of Research Institutes in the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Environment, Health and Science and Technology who kindly responded and completed the questionnaires used for this study. To all my esteemed Directors in the Raw Materials Research and Development Council, Dr. D. B. Ayo, Dr. Ado. K. Abdullahi, Dr. L. E. Nsa, Mr. B. A. Adegbesan, Prince R. N. Ihenacho and Dr. H. D. Ibrahim, I wish to express my appreciation for their high sense of responsibility, concern and unflinching support throughout my tenure in the Council and their encouragement and professional advise during this study. To other Management staff, I deeply appreciate your support. This study would not have been accomplished without the significant contributions of my Academic Adviser, Professor David Iornem who inspired and encouraged me even when I expressed doubt of my ability to complete the study due to my busy schedule. I also, acknowledged the immense contributions of my Project Supervisor, Dr. Gabriel U. Moti of University of Abuja who painstakingly read through my work and offered useful suggestions that led to the successful completion of the study. viii The role played by Mr. K. B. Ajoku cannot be overemphasized. His immeasurableShow MoreRelatedInformation and Communication Technology as Bedrock of the Nation13285 Words   |  54 PagesThis revised policy underlines the desired need for appropriate cutting-edge technologies that will propel the country through and beyond the 21st century. This vision policy is therefore designed to underpin the nation’s socio-economic progress and development. It emphasizes the need for a coherent, systematic and comprehensive approach to the determination of technological programmes and their implementation taking into account domestic productions in agriculture and rural development, food securityRead MoreChronic Poverty in Nigeria Essay1864 Words   |  8 Pagesaccepted standard of living in a specific society at a specific time(Gray and Moseley 2005). The various views of poverty by different scholars is seen on the basis of development of various economies but in this discuss, focus will be on chronic micro poverty of individual and household and ho w they persist in developing countries (Nigeria). Chronic micro poverty includes individual and household within the society who have minimal or no prospect for economic and social mobility and are structurallyRead MoreThe Role of Technology in National Development2121 Words   |  9 PagesThe Role of Technology in National Development Emmanuel O. Egbogah Executive Chairman Emerald Energy Resources F rom the beginning of time, man has strived to improve his way and quality of life. The caveman discovered how to make and use tools, developed a logical sequence for activities, and evolved processes that added value to his life. The totality of the use and application of his knowledge, skills, tools, and materials constitutes what we today describe as â€Å"technology.† If naturalRead MoreFactors Affecting Sustainable Women Education in Nigeria4914 Words   |  20 Pages FACTORS AFFECTING SUSTAINABLE WOMEN EDUCATION IN NIGERIA BY IHEANYI N. OKWAKPAM Department of Adult and Continuing Education, Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Email:iokwakpam@yahoo.com Abstract This paper attempts to establish the factors that affect sustainable women education in Nigeria. The paper found out that non-participation of women in education programmes was as a result of some limiting factors and proffers solutions to such. Introduction ItRead MoreAn Evaluation and Forecast of the Impact of Fdi in Nigerias Agricultural Sector in a Var Enviroment6775 Words   |  28 PagesJournal of Economics and Sustainable Development ISSN 2222-1700 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2855 (Online) Vol.4, No.10, 2013 www.iiste.org An Evaluation and Forecast of the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria’s Agriculture Sector in A VAR Environment Ayodeji Adetunji Idowu* Liu Ying Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province  · 430070  · P.R. China * E-mail of the corresponding author: ayodeji.idowu@hotmail.com The research is financedRead MoreThe Impact of Agricultural Sector on Economic Growth in Nigeria18675 Words   |  75 PagesAgricultural Economics of Nigeria: Paradoxes and Crossroads of Multimodal Nature Professor Eric C. Eboh Professor of Agricultural Economics University of Nigeria CONTENTS 1.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 2 2.0 CONCEPTUAL APPROACH OF THIS INAUGURAL LECTURE 6 REFLECTIONS ON THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY 8 3.0 4.0 5.0 AGRICULTURE FROM THE LOOKING GLASS OF MAN’S ECONOMIC HISTORY 16 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY FROM PARADIGMATIC VIEWPOINTS ABOUT THE STATE VIS-A-VIS MARKET 21 6.0 NIGERIAN AGRICULTURERead MoreEffect of Ict on the Academic Performance of Students8894 Words   |  36 PagesInformation and communication technology (ICT) is an instructional technology to enhance teaching and learning in pre schools, it is the application of organized or scientific knowledge to practical tasks of teaching and learning in pre-schools. According to Akinola and Aremu, (2000) instructional technologies incorporate the tools and making present support to reinforce teaching and learning on pre schools pupils. Technology is this respect involves broad based technology including it methods, managementRead MoreSocio Economic Impact of Hiv and Aids to Nigerian Economy4501 Words   |  19 Pageswww.ccsenet.org/gjhs Global Journal of Health Science Vol. 4, No. 1; January 2012 The Effects of HIV/AIDS Scourge on Production and Income among Rural Households in Adamawa State of Nigeria Iya, I. B., Purokayo, S. G., Gabdo Yusuf Department of Economics Federal University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria Received: October 12, 2011 doi:10.5539/gjhs.v4n1p245 Abstract The paper investigates the determinants and the impact of HIV/AIDS on households in Adamawa State. 120 respondents affected with HIV/AIDSRead MoreImpact of Electronic Banking System in Nigeria. a Critical Appraisal of Unity Bank Plc13433 Words   |  54 PagesTHE IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC BANKING IN NIGERIA BANKING SYSTEM (CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF UNITY BANK PLC) BY OLORUNSEGUN SHITTU BEING A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, LADOKE AKINTOLA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, OGBOMOSO, OYO STATE NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) FINANCE SEPTEMBER, 2010 1 CERTIFICATION This project with the title â€Å"The Impact of ElectronicRead MoreAN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE MINING SECTOR IN NIGERIA15805 Words   |  64 Pagesï » ¿ABSTRACT This study attempted to estimate the environmental impact of Foreign Direct Investment in the mining sector in Nigeria. It is argued that only those countries that have reached a certain income level can absorb new technologies and benefit from technology diffusion, and thus reap the extra advantages that FDI can offer. The mining industry in Nigeria is dominated by oil. Indeed, Nigeria is the largest producer of this commodity in Africa and sixth largest producers in the world. This research

Current and Future Relevance of Development Anthropology Free Essays

What does happiness mean? Ask this question to different individuals and surely you will obtain varying answers. There could be related or similar answers, but no two individuals will have the identical definition of happiness, unless of course, they had a prior discussion on the matter and took time to set parameters on how they would define the term. It is just like saying that one’s definition of happiness can be as unique as one’s fingerprint. We will write a custom essay sample on Current and Future Relevance of Development Anthropology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Why is this so? As human beings, each of us has his/her own purpose in life. We may have the same basic needs to keep us alive. but each of us has his/her own desires and aspirations as we go on living These are our goals in life. Up to what extent we are able to reach our goals becomes the basis of fulfillment, which in turn is the parameter of a person’s definition of happiness. There are more than 101 ways to define happiness because human beings as individual living organisms vary. Each one of us has a certain uniqueness which sets us apart from other members of the Animal Kingdom. Similarly, development is a term which is as subjective as the word happiness. Probably because both terms involve the satisfaction of humans’ needs and wants. This is why there are numerous bases for the achievement of both. But unlike the meaning of happiness which is taken more on an individual context,   a discourse on the meaning of development is much more complex because it involves not just one human being but a community, or even a whole nation. The meaning of development depends on various paradigms. Defining it quantitatively in terms of economic growth has become inadequate which makes it even more difficult to give a concrete meaning of the word. Thus, different schools of thoughts and various disciplines have their own arguments on how to properly define the term while trying not to overlook how the term itself is being perceived by the objects or targets of the development process. The various discourses on and practices of development have paved the way for the rise and growth of development anthropology. (Escobar 1991) Development anthropology is defined as: The application of anthropological perspectives to the multidisciplinary branch of development studies. It takes international development and international aid as primary objects. In this branch of anthropology, the term development refers to the social action made voluntary by different agents (institutions, business, enterprise, states, independent volunteers) who are trying to modify the economic, technical, political or/and social life of a given place in the world, especially in developing nations. (Wikipedia) Development anthropology which takes off from the conventional or traditional view of development is what is being espoused by scholars such as Escobar. The traditional view of development is development according to how Western societies view it which is much more about modernization of local cultures and the adoption of Westernized lifestyle. In the paper, â€Å"Anthropology and the Development Encounter: The Making and Marketing of Development Anthropologyâ€Å", Escobar presented and discussed this view and as conclusion, called for a revision on the practice of development anthropology, specifically in the utilization of development models which he referred to as â€Å"recycled combination of the traditional growth models.† Development anthropology, for all its claim to relevance to local problems, to cultural sensitivity, and to access to interpretive holistic methods, has done no more than recycle, and dress in more localized fabrics, the discourses of modernization and development. Can the good intentions of development anthropologists be preserved and their activities be reoriented significantly in ways that undermine, rather than reinforce, these paradigms? (1991: 677) It is this view that made him towards the end of the article pose the question: Is there a future relevance for development anthropology? Escobar went on further to conclude that: Anthropological studies of development will of course continue to be important, but they would take a different form. Anthropologists could examine how communities in the Third World are progressively constituted through the political technologies of development, and could elucidate the larger cultural and economic projects that such technologies deploy with them. First, however, it will be necessary to renew our way of listening to the voices of different groups of people in the Third World, without making them into signs of a need for development, and to renew our awareness of the suffering caused by human institutions and actions, development or otherwise. Finally, anthropologists may contribute through this type of work to a collective practice of re-envisioning ways of organizing societies and economies, ways of relating to nature and to one another that have a better chance for life. In the process, we may discover other ways of caring and of healing the ravages brought about by development in the Third World. Some grassroots social movements seem to be pointing the way. (ibid: 678) Escobar emphasizes that it should be the people themselves who should decide on the course of the development process based on what he called â€Å"local realities†. The idea should come from within and not from the perception of outsiders who usually consider the lack of modernization as the take-off point for the development process. In his paper â€Å"Anthropology and Development: Evil Twin or Moral Narrative?†Ã‚   Gow (2002) pointed out the weakness of the localization of development as being espoused by Escobar due to the current trend of globalization. He explains that â€Å". . . the present effects and future implications of globalization (however much contested), surely demonstrate once and for all the limitations of what is now ambiguously termed localization. Certain human needs and human rights can be taken as universal, the basis for a moral narrative in this new millennium of development.† The moral narrative that Gow is referring to is the dilemma of anthropologists (the writers) in   defining development in terms of the vision of a good society.   To quote: By framing the values of development in moral terms, rather than say economic terms (the market) or political terms (democracy), these writers not only escape from the tyranny of ideology, academic discipline, and political fashion; they also elevate the general tone of development discourse, for what they are proposing is a vision of the â€Å"good society†. (ibid: 310) I believe that the current and future relevance of development anthropology depend on whether it follows the path being suggested by Gow, that is, elevating the meaning of development in terms of   the moral vision of a good society.   In this age of satellite technology, when even the remotest places on Earth could have access to communication facilities and the mass media, the preservation of local culture is becoming a serious concern. People are influenced by modernization as they are exposed to various forms of technology, and many of them especially the younger generation aspire to leave and prefer to settle for a much modern lifestyle in cities. More than ever, development anthropology is relevant in order to direct the correct path of development wherein the living condition of the poor is alleviated to the point wherein they will have enough basic needs and services while at the same time retaining their cultural identity and who they are as a people is never lost or forgotten. The role of development anthropology therefore should be focused on determining the people’s vision of a good society, and from there the design of a suitable development framework and the conceptualization of strategies that could guide institutions in coming up with the right formula for development. This way, Escobar’s grassroots involvement is compromised while being open to the trend of globalization. An example would be to consider the willingness to commercialize the production of exotic handicrafts which are originally for sole domestic consumption. If the people look at this as a way to alleviate their economic condition while promoting their culture, then the development anthropologist should see this from a positive perspective and not as a sign of moral degradation. Development anthropologists have focused on four themes in performing their role which defines their current and future relevance to humanity. An increasingly focused sense of the anthropological contribution defined in terms of what anthropologists say about culture and social relations Opposition to the marginalization of indigenous peoples and their knowledge Cynicism about the aims and practices of development The emergence of critical views of development and the development process LIST OF REFERENCES Escobar, Arturo. (1991) ‘Anthropology and the Development Encounter: The Making and Marketing of Development Anthropology.’ American Ethnologist [online] 18 (4) 658-682. Available from http://www.jstor.org/stable/645446 [22 May 2009] Gow, David D. (2002)’Anthropology and Development: Evil Twin or Moral Narrative?’ Human Organization 61 (4) 299-313 Wikipedia (n. d.) ‘Development Anthropology.’ Available from http://enwikipedia.org/wiki/Development_anthropology [30 May 2009) How to cite Current and Future Relevance of Development Anthropology, Papers

Discussion Board Ford And Taylorism Theory

Question: Discuss about the Discussion Board for Ford and Taylorism Theory. Answer: Introduction: The Management is a key function of the organizational activities. This is the reason, principles of the scientific management are essential for the firm. Through the consideration on the Fayolism and Taylorism, an organization can achieve organizational goals and objective in an effective and efficient manner (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). These are also helpful in designing the work structure of the organization. In the computer, mobile, car, hospital and restaurant industries, the applications of these principles can be easily seen even after 70 years of their formulation. This blog includes the two major sections. The first section is related to the key findings from the ideas extracted from the Ford and Taylorism theory. On the other hand, the second section includes the application of these key ideas in an organization. Changes in the Production Process Henry Ford (Founder of Ford car) was a visionary person. Under his visionary ideas, the company entered in partnership with Alexander Malcomson in 1908. The purpose of this deal was manufacturing car under the The Ford Motor Company. Through this deal, the company wanted to achieve cost efficiency in the production and increase in the market share. For achieving this objective, the company changed its production processes and methods. During that time, Ford was strongly influenced by the principles or method of the Fredrick Taylor (Ford and Taylor Scientific Management, 2008). Reduction in the Unnecessary Activities at the Workplace The management theory of the Taylor exhibits that the productivity of an organization can be increased by minimizing the unnecessary activities at the workplace. Taylors principle, the time management is effective to enhance the productivity of the workers (Post and Preston, 2012). According to this principle, each minute of an employee is significant in the workplace for the company. All the necessary equipment and resources should be arranged as saving the time of both the employee and company. Henry used this principle in the production to the great extent. In the initial stage, the company analyzed the essential components of the production process and after this, the company arranged them according to minimize the unnecessary activities of the employees (Pearson, 1945). Restructure the Assembly Line Ford restructured its assembly line in order to achieve the efficiency in the production and for increasing the production output. In this, the company adopted a revolutionary idea. It helped to the employee to remain stationary at the workplace. Instead of the employees moving, body of the car was moving from one place to another place. Each worker finished its particular work before move body of car one place to another place. This process was continuing until a complete car was prepared. It helped to Ford to reduce the cost of the product and enhance the production level (Altenburg and Sullivan, 2012). Attractive Offers for Employees Ford focused on the attracting the prospective employee through the offering an effective package to them. The company adopted the high pay strategy for the hard and honest workers with the objective of the retaining them for a long time. Use of Modern Technology The company used the modern and automatic technologies in the assembly of a car, whose direct benefit were observed such as reducing the time on the production of one car. Due to this, the company was able to generate record profit. In the success of an organization, the basic principles of the management are significant. These principles are effective for the modern management to remain ahead in the competition (Post and Preston, 2012). The adoption of the principle of the saving time and efforts of the human beings is effective to reduce the cost. It leads the company to increase production quantity that is able to increase the high revenue (Post and Preston, 2012). In this, the job security principle is also identified in order to maintain the productivity of the firm. This principle is based on the keep employees happy, which help to finish many kinds of issues in the business (Lee and Wong, 2013). As concerning of current business environment of the Australia, America or Europe, the employees and worker would not accept Taylorism in its original form. It is because the current business is based on the manual work as well as upon technology and automation. It avoids the theoretical concept of the management. For example, in call centers; there is application of the principals of the Taylorism. However, it is difficult to say that the Taylorism theory can be applied in the call centre to a great extent. It is because; the function of a call centre is divided in the departments or individuals. In the call centre, the work is offered to a candidate according to its skill and specialization. It helps to effectively handle the function of the firm with achieving the cost effectiveness (McKinlay and Wilson, 2012). Presently, the business owners and founders believe on the innovative techniques that can reduce the time or cost of the production (DeWinter, et al., 2014). But at the same time, some effects would see as the management firm and make the coordination of the different activities of the firm. There are various industries across the world, which are required to the application of the Taylorism theory in order to long run. The scientific management was introduced the 100 years ago by Frederick Taylor. The principles that come in it, they keep the impact on the business process. These principles play a significant role in the smoothly running business. The Taylorism based principles are below: Science, Not Rule of Thumb Harmony, Not Discord Cooperation, Not Individualism Development of Each and Every Person to His / Her Greatest Efficiency and Prosperity (Grachev, M. and Rakitsky, 2013) Reference Altenburg, K. and Sullivan, S., (2012) A matter of principle: Heritage management in Australia and China. Historic Environment, 24(1), p.41. DeWinter, J., Kocurek, C.A. and Nichols, R. (2014) Taylorism 2.0: Gamification, scientific management and the capitalist appropriation of play. Journal of Gaming Virtual Worlds, 6(2), pp.109-127. Ford and Taylor Scientific Management (2008) You Tube: Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PdmNbqtDdI (Accessed: 22 August 2016). Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B. (2014) Quality management for organizational excellence. UK: pearson. Grachev, M. and Rakitsky, B., (2013) Historic horizons of Frederick Taylor's scientific management. Journal of Management History, 19(4), pp.512-527. Lee, R.C. and Wong, S.L.C. eds. (2013) Asian America. Net: ethnicity, nationalism, and cyberspace. UK: Routledge. McKinlay, A. and Wilson, J. (2012) All they lose is the scream: Foucault, Ford and mass production. Management Organizational History, 7(1), pp.45-60. Pearson, Norman M. (1945) Fayolism as the Necessary Complement of Taylorism, American Political Science Association, 39(1), pp. 68-80 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/1948832?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents) Post, J. and Preston, L. (2012) Private management and public policy: The principle of public responsibility. USA: Stanford University Press.